Recently, I purchased an old stock of silver brazing alloys. Some of the alloys contain cadmium.
From years of experience in the silverware manufacturing world – cadmium-containing brazing alloys were always “favorites” among craftsmen: Excellent flow Lower working temperature Easier to work with
But in recent years, regulation and health awareness have changed the picture.
Here are 10 important points about cadmium:
1️⃣ Why was cadmium used in the first place
Cadmium significantly improves the flow (wetting) of the alloy and lowers the melting temperature.
2️⃣ The big advantage – is also the problem
During brazing, cadmium evaporates → CdO is formed → inhaled by the operator.
3️⃣ A real health risk
Cadmium is toxic and classified as a carcinogen. Main impact: lungs, kidneys, and cumulative exposure.
4️⃣ European regulation changed the game
In Europe (REACH Regulation / RoHS Directive), its use has almost disappeared from consumer products and jewelry.
5️⃣ In the U.S. – less prohibition, more restriction
Use is still allowed, but under strict control (OSHA). In practice, many industries have shifted to Cd-free alloys.
6️⃣ In Israel – allowed, but not “free”
No absolute ban, but: Classified as hazardous Requires safety measures Depends on application (especially for export)
7️⃣ Not just the worker – also the environment
Cadmium:
- Accumulates in soil and water
- Problematic in recycling
- Increases waste treatment costs
8️⃣ What’s happening in the market today
Most modern alloys are Cadmium-Free (Ag-Cu-Zn-Sn systems, etc.).
9️⃣ What about old stock
Still exists in the market. Can be attractive price-wise – but with a more limited audience.
Recycling – possible, but requires control
Cadmium can be separated in a controlled melting process (evaporation + filtration), but: Requires proper equipment Requires emission control Not all refiners are willing to accept it
Bottom Line
Cadmium provided a real technical advantage – but today the world is moving in a clear direction:
Lower risk More regulation Shift to Cd-free alloys
If you are involved in brazing / buying / recycling – it’s worth knowing exactly what you’re dealing with.
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